氨溴索雾化吸入在下呼吸道感染患者痰液标本采集中的应用

Application of early inhalation of atomized ambroxol in sputum samples collection in lower respiratory tract infections

目的探讨采用氨溴索雾化吸入在下呼吸道感染性疾病痰液标本采集中的应用效果。方法将230例下呼吸道感染性疾病患者按入院先后顺序分为观察组和对照组,每组各115例。观察组患者入院后采用氨溴索30mg+生理盐水5mL雾化吸入后咳嗽排痰,对照组采用常规用力深咳嗽排痰。记录两组患者标本采集率、标本合格率、痰液标本培养阳性率以及排痰并发症发生率。结果观察组患者标本采集率、标本合格率、痰液标本培养阳性率高于对照组,两组比较,差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.01);排痰并发症发生率低于对照组,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在下呼吸道感染性疾病患者中,采用早期氨溴索雾化吸入后进行痰液标本的采集,可提高标本采集率、标本合格率、痰液标本培养阳性率,值得在临床实用和推广。

Objective To investigate the role of early inhalation of atomized ambroxol in sputum samples collection in lower respiratory tract infections. Methods 230 patients with lower respiratory tract infections were randomly divided into two groups equally：the observation group and the control group.In the observation group cough expectoration was done after inhalation of atomized 30 mg Ambroxol and 5 mL physiological saline in early stage of admission,and in the control group conventional hard deep cough expectoration was done.Specimen collection rate,qualification rate of specimens,cultural positive rate of sputum specimens,cure time and cure rate,and the incidence of complications of expectoration of the two groups of patients were recorded.Results The observation group was significantly better than the control group in the rate of specimen collection,qualification rate of specimens,cultural positive rate of sputum specimens,and cure time（P〈0.05）,but there were no significant differences between the two groups in view of the cure rate and the incidence of complications of expectoration（P〉0.05）. Conclusions Early inhalation of atomized ambroxol for sputum samples collection in lower respiratory tract infections is obviously advantageous in improving the rate of specimen collection,pass rate of specimens and cultural positive rate of sputum specimens,and shortening hospital stay.It is economic and practical,worth popularizing.