护士对身体评估技术的认知与分析

Subjective perception and analysis of physical assessment technique in clinical nurses

目的了解国内部分地区护士对身体评估技能的认知状况及其影响因素。方法采用自行设计的身体评估能力调查问卷，对国内6个省市的医院护理人员采用无记名自填式问卷调查，回收有效问卷1115份。结果护理人群在11项对于身体评估的主观认知条目中认为身体评估是护士必备技能（88．1％），继续学习的重要性（84．8％），缺乏成熟的评估工具（79．8％），工作量大，没有时间（60．8％）排序前4位。通过不同特征护士与主观认知情况的多因素分析得出医院级别和地区是影响主观认知的主要因素。结论合理配置人力资源结构、建立符合不同科室特点的身体评估框架、重视护理继续教育等，对评估技术的发展非常重要。

Objective To understand the subjective perception and influential factors of physical assessment technique in clinical nurses. Methods Using self-designed physical assessment skills questionnaire to investigate nurses in the six provinces of China, 1115 questionnaires were valid. Results There were 11 items in this questionnaire. The first four were： physical assessment is an essential skill of nurses （88.1%）, the importance of continuous learning （84.8%）, lack of maturity assessment tools （79.8%）, heavy workload, lack of time （60.8%）. The result of multiple regression analysis （stepwise） showed that hospital-level and regional were the main factors affecting the subjective perception. Conclusions The development of physical assessment reies mainly on rational allocation of human resources structure, establishing the physical assessment framework, and make sure different departments have their own characteristics and the importance of continuing education.