护理实习生对玻璃体温计破损导致汞污染的认知状况

Nursing interns’ cognition on mercury contamination caused by a broken glass thermometer

目的了解护理实习生对玻璃体温计破损时的处理方法及破损后导致汞污染的认知水平。方法应用自编的玻璃体温计破损情况及一般知识调查表和玻璃体温计破损后处理方法及危害认识调查表,对135名护理实习生进行调查。结果 103名（76.30%）护理实习生实习过的科室有玻璃体温计打碎的情况。＂有机汞（甲基汞）进入人体的主要途径＂的回答正确率最低,为28.89%。＂体温计破损后如何处理＂＂体温计破损后如何清扫＂＂汞泄漏清理过程中如何处理＂＂汞蒸气与甲基汞进入体内后主要损害＂4题,大专生回答正确率高于中专生（P〈0.05）。＂清理工作完毕后如何做＂,大专生回答正确率低于中专生（P〈0.05）。结论护理实习生对玻璃体温计破损具有一定的处理能力,并对汞污染有一定认识,但有欠缺,特别是中专实习生。学校应加强相关知识的教育,特别是在中等卫生专业学校。

Objective To understand nursing interns＇ processing methods after a glass thermometer breaks and their cognition on mercury contamination.Methods Totally 135 nursing interns were investigated by using the general knowledge questionnaire of broken glass thermometer and the post-processing and hazard awareness survey questionnaire of broken glass thermometer.Results Of 135 nursing interns,103（76.30 percent） students said that the glass thermometer was broken during the internship.The question of ＂how does organic mercury（methylmercury） enter the human body？＂ had the lowest rate of correct answers,at 28.89 percent.The rate of correct answers in college interns was significantly higher than that in secondary interns in 4 questions,i.e.＂how to handle after a glass thermometer breaks？＂ ＂how to clean after a glass thermometer breaks？＂ ＂how to handle during mercury spill clean-up process？＂ and ＂what are the major damages after mercury vapor and methylmercury enter the human body？＂（P0.05）.The rate of correct answers in college interns was significantly lower than that in secondary interns in the question of ＂how to do after the cleanup？＂（P0.05）.Conclusions Nursing interns have some ability to cope with mercury contamination caused by the broken glass thermometer,but their ability is weak,especially secondary students.Schools should provide relative education to improve the students＇ knowledge about mercury contamination,especially in secondary schools.