儿童与成人阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征代谢异常特征的比较

Metabolic Characteristics in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome between Children and Adults

目的:探讨儿童及成人阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合症(OSAHS)发病原因、睡眠呼吸紊乱严重程度及合并代谢异常程度的差别。方法:对我院2003年1月1日至2010年7月1日71例诊断为OSAHS住院患者进行回顾性调查,登记年龄、性别、发病原因、血压、白细胞计数、中性粒细胞比率、淋巴细胞比率、呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、夜间最低血氧饱和度、微觉醒指数。根据年龄进行分组,年龄<18岁者为A组,年龄≥18岁者为B组。比较两组发病原因、睡眠呼吸紊乱及合并代谢异常程度的差别。结果:1.A组慢性扁桃体炎和(或)腺样体肥大发生率明显高于B组(P<0.01),鼻中隔偏曲发生率明显低于B组(P<0.01)。2.与B组比较,A组AHI及微觉醒指数降低,夜间最低血氧饱和度升高(P<0.01);3.与B组比较,A组高血压、中性粒细胞比率、谷丙转氨酶比例降低(P<0.05)。结论:A组睡眠呼吸紊乱程度及代谢异常较B组程度轻,更需关注成人阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合症的综合治疗。

To investigate difference in metabolic parameters of children and adults with obstructive sleep apnea hypop- nea syndrome （OSAHS）. Methods： The clinical data of 71 inpatients with OSAHS ,who were hospitalized in our hospital studied retrospectively from January 2003 to July 2010, were studied retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to age： group A（ 〈 18 years） and group B（≥18 years）, comparing the etiology, sleep-disordered breathing and metabolic abnormalities between the two groups. Results： 1. The prevelance of chronic tonsillitis and hypertrophy was significantly higher and the prevelanee of septal deviation was significantly lower in group A than in group B （P〈0.01）. 2. Compared with group B, the AHI and arousal index are decreased in group A, while the lowest nocturnal oxygen saturation are increased （P〈0.01）; 3. The blood pressure, percentage of neutrophils and alanine transaminase were higher in group B than in group A （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Compared with children with OSAHS, adults often show more severe sleep breathing disorders and combined with many metabolic abnormalities which should also be awared.