家庭病床科病人流行病学特征的对比研究

The Comparison Study on the Epidemic Characteristics of Patients with Home Sickbed

目的探讨近年来家庭病床科病人流行学的新变化,为合理处置家庭病床科病人提供客观依据。方法通过对2004年前、后家庭病床科2323例完整病历的回顾和比较,分析家庭病床科病人流行特性的新变化。结果①男性比例有减少的趋势,女性比例有增加的趋势。②未成年组比例无显著变化;青年组和中年组比例相对减少,老年组比例相对增加。③病人家庭住址与医院之间的距离,≤5公里组相对减少,>5公里组相对增加。④干部、农民、学生比例无显著变化;工人比例相对减少,自由职业者比例相对增加。⑤城市居民的比例减少,农村居民的比例增加。⑥以循环系统和呼吸系统疾病最多见,其次为运动系统、消化系统疾病,再次为内分泌系统、血液系统、泌尿系统,再其次为皮肤科、五官科、生殖系统疾病。⑦以内科、神经科、外科、肿瘤科、传染科疾病较多见,皮肤科、五官科、妇产科等疾病较少见。结论近年来,家庭病床科病人在流行病学特征方面较以往有了一些改变,要采取相应的措施应对这种改变。

Objective ：To describe the change of the epidemic characteristics of patients with home sickbed, then to provide the evidence for reasonable management. Methods： The clinical records of 2323 patients with home sickbed before and after the year 2004 was compared. The change was analyzed to get a view of the the epidemic characteristics of patients with home sickbed. Results ： （ 1 ） The male patients were de- creasing, while the female patients were increasing; （2） Young adults group and mid - aged group were decreasing , while the old people were increasing. （3） The patients with distance from family address to hospital less than five miles were decreasing. （4） The proportion of workers was decreasing, while the free occupational patients was increasing. （5） There were more and more rural resident, while less and less urban residents. （6） The disease of the circulatory system and respiratory system was the most. （7） The patients from the department of internal medicine, neurology, surgery, and oncology. Conclusion： There have been some change on the epidemic characteristics of patients with home sickbed. A few measures should be conducted to cope with the change.