江河源头草地生态环境现状及恢复途径

The Present Status of the Grassland Ecological Environment in the Headwater and the Approaches to Resume the Deteriorated Grassland.

江河源头共有可利用天然草地１８８６ ．６７ 万ｈｍ２ ，其中“黑土型”退化草地约为２１３ ．０３万ｈｍ２ ，此类草地鲜草产量４００ ．５ｋｇ／ｈｍ２ ，植被平均盖度为４５ ．４２ ％ 。恢复草地生态环境的途径是：改变认识观念；建立人工草地；利用多年生人工草地进行幼畜放牧育肥；通过退化草地施肥、毒杂草防除等措施恢复天然植被。

The total available natural grassland in the headwater area is 18866.7 thousand hm\+2, and about 2130300hm\+2 is “black soil type” deteriorated grassland in total. The fresh grass production on this grassland is only 400.5kg/hm\+2, and the coverage of vegetation is about 45.42% of that on the normal grassland. The conclusion can be drawn that the possible approaches to resume the ecological environment of grassland from deterioration are to change the cognitive idea, to establish artificial grassland, to fatten the animals by grazing on the prennial artificial grassland, to fertilize and control the weed and poisoinous grass on the deteriorated grassland.