夷陵区茶园土壤肥力及茶树营养状况分析

Analysis of Soil Fertility and Tea Tree Nutrition in Yiling Distriction

为提高夷陵区茶园产量、保障茶叶质量安全,促进茶园良性发展,首先必须明确夷陵区茶园土壤养分和茶树营养状况。通过对夷陵区茶园土壤、茶树叶片和枝条的进行调查取样,并对其土壤肥力状况和茶树营养状况进行分析评定。结果表明,夷陵区茶园土壤肥力状况较差,土壤酸碱度适宜茶树生长的茶园数量不到总量的一半。土壤碱溶性有机质含量偏低,低于临界值的茶园占63%。土壤速效氮中等偏上,90%的茶园土壤速效氮含量在中、高水平。土壤速效磷和钾缺乏严重,低于临界值的比例分别为63%和81.5%。茶树叶片和枝条均未出现缺素状况。在养分含量上,叶片、枝条和土壤三者相关性不高,其相关性的顺序为枝条与叶片>叶片与土壤>枝条与土壤。三者之间不同营养元素相关性的趋势是:N>P>K。茶树叶片养分含量较为稳定,不受土壤肥力水平的影响。

In order to improve yield of tea garden,insure quality safe of tea and improve tea garden development well,the most important task is making soil fertility and tea nutrients clear.Though sampling investigation and analyzing evaluation on soil,leaf and branch of tea garden in Yiling district.The result showed the soil fertility was serious in tea garden.The proportion of tea garden those soil pH in optimum level was less than half.The content of alkali-soluble organic matter was low,and deficiency proportion was 63%.The content of soil was more than middle,the percent of tea garden those available nitrogen in middle and high level was 90%.Soil able phosphorus and potassium were deficient seriously;deficient rate was 63% and 81.5% respectively.Leaf and branch of tea had no nutrient deficiency symptom.The correlation was poor between soil,leaf and branch,the order of correlation was branch leaf〉 leaf and soil 〉branch and soil.The order of correlation between N,P and K was N〉P〉K.The nutrition content of leaf was stable,and was not influenced by fertility of soil in tea garden.