基于生态足迹的西南喀斯特山区生态适度人口研究——以贵阳市为例

Study on Eco-optimum Population of Southwest Karst Mountainous Area Based on Ecological Footprint Model——The Case of Guiyang City

城市的发展,在客观上存在一个适度、合理的人口承载量。一个城市生态适度人口的确定,取决于区域生态承载力与区域人口对生态资源的需求。笔者应用生态足迹方法,通过对贵阳市生态足迹和生态承载力的计算来研究贵阳市人口规模的生态容纳量。结果表明,贵阳市目前已经出现过度人口和生态赤字,人地矛盾比较突出,目前的人口规模非常不合理。因此,贵阳市需严格控制人口增长,对耕地实行严格的保护,提高能源利用效率和降低能源消耗,优化调整产业结构等,从而增强生态承载力,减少生态赤字,缓解区域环境承载的人口压力,促进人口、资源、环境与社会经济协调发展。

The city development needs objectively a modest and rational population capacity. The ecological optimum population of a city is decided by ecological capacity and population＇s need about the ecological resources in the city. Applying the ecological footprint （EF） method and taking the Guiyang City as an example, the author studied its ecological capacity for population scale by calculating ecological footprint and capacity. The results showed that Guiyang City was already in a state of ecological deficit and overpopulation. The contradiction between man and more prominent was obvious, and the current the population scale was very unreasonable. Therefore, the paper suggested that Guiyang City should control population increase firmly, protect arable land strictly, improve energy utilization efficiency and decrease energy consumption in order to enhance ecological capacity, reduce ecological deficit, relieve regional environmental population pressure and promote coordinated development among regional population, resources, environment, economy and society.