“囚徒困境”对于访谈研究初涉者的启示

Enlightenment in the interview Reach from the "Prisoner's Dilemma" for the New Interviewees

从博弈的角度看,质的访谈是访谈者与被访者之间的博弈游戏,最佳策略是合作,以达成双赢。但对于访谈初涉者,在访谈过程中往往索取很多,给予却很少,结果被访者就成为受损方。不同于拔河游戏的"零和博弈",一方的损带给另一方的是惠,在质的访谈中,这会成为两败俱伤的"负和博弈"。所以,作为一名访谈研究初涉者,务必走出访谈的"囚徒困境",摆脱"零和博弈"与"负和博弈",使访谈成为互惠互利的"正和博弈"。

Qualitative interview is a special kind of dialogue. From the game＇s point of view, it is the interviewee game between with respondents, the best strategy is to achieve win-win cooperation. But for the new interviewee, due to lack of experience, they tend to some selfish-ask for many, but give little, in end this became the damaged party. Unlike tug of war ＂a zero-sum game＂ , one party is the loser, the other is the winner in the interview, it would become a ＂negative and in- ternecine game＂. So, as an interview, be sure to the new interviewee out research interviews the ＂prisoner＇s dilemma＂ , get rid of ＂a ze- ro-sum game＂ and ＂negative and game＂ , make interview become a mutual benefit game.