储运系统节能途径分析

Analysis of Energy Saving Approaches in Storage and Transportation Systems

据中科院一项调查显示,中国是世界上能源消耗最大的国家之一,能源浪费非常严重,在59个受调查的国家中排名第56。中国的能源使用率仅为美国的26.9%,日本的11.5%,工业生产占了总能耗的一半。不断改进用能技术,优化用能结构,提高能源效率是工业企业迫在眉捷的一项工作。中国石化茂名分公司炼油分部是一个始建于20世纪60年代的老厂,随着加工能力的不断扩大,能源消耗越来越多,所以通过技术改造优化能源使用、降低能源消耗,是现在炼油分部的一项十分重要的工作。通过对炼油分部储运系统能耗结构的分析,阐述了储运系统能耗存在的问题和现状,通过装置热联合技术改造、装置低温余热的利用、蒸汽优化使用等手段,大大降低储运系统的能耗。从2007年开始,先后实施了渣油加氢等4套装置的热联合,由于风险控制措施到位,装置均实现平稳生产。实施热联合后,可停开风冷或水冷装置,罐区可停开原料输送泵及伴热加温蒸汽,节能效果非常明显。

A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Sciences of energy dissipation in major energy consuming countries shows that as one of the largest energy consumers in the world,China ranks 56th among all 59 nations surveyed.China′s energy efficiency is only 26.9% of that of the United States and 11.5% of that of Japan.The industrial sector consumes 50% of all energy used in China.Continuously improving energy use technology,optimizing energy mix and raising energy efficiency should now be a matter of top priority for Chinese industrial enterprises.The oil refining division of Sinopec Maoming Company is an old plant established in the 1960s.With the expansion of its processing capacity,the facility′s energy consumption is increasing.Optimizing energy use and reducing energy consumption by using more advanced technology is now a very important task for this division.By analyzing the energy structure of the storage and transportation system of the company′s refining division,this article points out the problems remaining in the system and proposes a series of methods to reduce energy use by the storage and transportation system including upgrading inter-unit heat integration technology,recovering residual low-temperature heat from units and optimizing the utilization of steam.Since 2007,Sinopec Maoming Company has achieved heat integration for four units including a residuum hydrogenation unit.Owing to good risk control,operation of these units has been very stable.As heat integration eliminates the needs for starting up air or water cooling devices and for using feedstock transmission pumps and heat-tracing steam in the storage tank farm,the energy-saving effects have been apparent.