不同麦茬处理方式对温室穴盘育苗移栽加工番茄的生态生理效应研究

Effects of Spring Wheat Residue Treatments on Eco-Physiological Character of Processing Tomato under Greenhouse plug Seedling Transplant

为探求适合滴灌小麦麦茬移栽种植加工番茄的可行方式,提高复种指数,采用小区试验,探讨了茬高0 cm(平茬)、10 cm(低茬)、20 cm(高茬)3种麦茬处理方式对温室穴盘育苗移栽加工番茄的生理生态效应。结果表明:在气温为23℃以下时,平茬处理平均土壤温度高于低茬和高茬处理;气温升高至23℃后,低茬和高茬在0 cm和5 cm土层的地温大于平茬处理;在10 cm和20 cm土层,平茬处理温度高于低茬和高茬处理。加工番茄移栽成活率依次为高茬>低茬>平茬,30 d苗龄>45 d苗龄>60 d苗龄。产量方面,平茬>低茬>高茬,30 d苗龄>45 d苗龄>60 d苗龄。30 d苗龄平茬产量比低茬和高茬分别提高3.4%和10.3%;45 d苗龄平茬产量比低茬和高茬分别提高4.6%和7.1%;60 d苗龄平茬产量比低茬和高茬分别提高7.3%和15.5%。

To seek a suitable planting way of processing tomato so as to improve multiple cropping index,effect of spring wheat residue treatments（high stubble：20 cm;low stubble：10 cm;residue incorporation：0cm） on eco-physiological character of processing tomato with greenhouse plug seedling transplantation was studied.Results showed that average soil temperature of residue incorporation treatment was higher than that of high stubble and low stubble treatments when air temperature was below 23 ℃.The temperature of soil layer at 0 cm and 5 cm residue incorporation was lower than that of high stubble and low stubble treatments,while the temperature of soil layer of residue incorporation at 10 cm and 20 cm was higher than that of high and low stubble treatments when air temperature was above 23 ℃.The survival rate of transplanted processing tomato plant was：high stubblelow stubbleresidue incorporation,and seedling age 30 dseedling age 45 dseedling age 60 d.And the yield of transplanted processing tomato was：residue incorporationlow stubblehigh stubble,30 d seedling age45 d seedling age60 d seedling age.The yield of seedling age 45 d at residue incorporation was 4.6% and 7.1% higher than that of low stubble and high stubble.And the yield of seedling age 60 d at residue incorporation was 7.3% and 15.8% higher than that of low stubble and high stubble respectively.