关于护士长领导方式与护士工作效率的研究

Leadership Behaviors of Head Nurses and Work Effectiveness of Nurses:a Study from Shanghai

对上海市８所三级甲等医院的４８名护士长和２９２名护士进行问卷调查，以研究护士长领导方式与护士的工作效率之间的关系。护士的工作效率用护士的组织凝聚力、护理工作业绩、工作满意度来衡量。结果表明：护士长的主要领导方式是“榜样作用”和“焕发民心”；护士长的“激励作用”是提高护士的组织凝聚力、工作满意度的重要领导方式；护士长是否能够“挑战工作过程”是影响护士工作业绩的重要因素；“焕发民心”与护士的工作满意度呈高度相关。根据研究结果得出对我国医院护理管理与领导模式的建议，并对今后作进一步研究提出建议。

A correlationaldescriptive research was conducted to study the relationships among leadership behaviors of head nurses and work effectiveness of nurses in Shanghai.Fortyeitht head nurses and 292 staff nurses were investigated in 8 firstclass topgrade hospitals in Shanghai.Leadership Practices Inventory for Self and Other,JobInGeneral Scale,Productivity Scale,and Organizational Commitment Scale were used to measure leadership behaviors of head nurses and job satisfaction,productivity,and organizational commitment of staff nurses.The results showed that:the major leadership behaviors of head nurses were modeling the way and encouraging the heart.Nevertheless,inspiring a shared visionwas the most important leadership behavior which can improve the organizational commitment and job satisfaction of nurses.Moreover,whether head nurses could challenging the proess was the factor influencing productivity of nurses,and the leadership behavior of encouraging the heartwas higher related with job satisfaction of nurses.Nursing leadership model for those hospitals was given.Suggestions for further research were indicated.