马克思向未来社会过渡的三种图式论纲

The Outline of Marx's Three Schemata of Transforming into Future Society

马克思终生探究资本主义社会向未来社会的过渡问题。如何过渡?答案有三:哲学性革命图式、暴力革命图式和和平过渡图式。图式不同的根本原因是社会历史情势的重大变化。马克思过渡图式思想的变化引来争议和不满,这与忽略马克思过渡图式思想的哲学基础——劳动哲学本体论、劳动者主权论、线性社会历史观和劳动人道主义的价值立场——有直接关系,也是未解马克思实现过渡的判断标准——个人的自由发展和社会制度的合乎人类本性——的必然结果。结合特定社会历史情势地理解马克思的原生态思想,他真正做到了实事求是和与时俱进。

Marx devoted his whole life to studying the problem of capitalism society＇s transition to a new form in the future. As for the ways of the transition, he proposed three schemas; philosophical revolution, violent revolution and peace transition. The differences among the schemas fundamentally originated from the dramatic changes of the circumstances of the social history. Controversies and resentment originated from Marxism transitory schemas, which is directly related with the ignorance about Marx＇s thought about the labor--philosophy ontology, labor sovereignty, the linear conception about the social history and the labor--humanism value stand, which are the philosophical basis of the Marxism transito- ry schemas. Moreover, the controversies and resentment are also the necessary results of misunder- standings of Marx＇s criterion to the realization of the transition, which are the free development of indi- viduals and the humanity of the social institutions. Looking Marx＇s thoughts from the specific social his- tory circumstances, they illustrate that he has built his theory on a factual and time--abreast foundation.