行政垄断的形成机制及改革思路研究

Research on The Formation and Reformation of Administrative Monopoly

对于存在市场失灵的行业,政府对竞争进行限制和排斥;但如果价格规制没有达到效果,则可认为政府规制实际造成了一种不合意的行政垄断的后果。行政垄断的博弈各方都是追求自身利益最大化的行为主体,尤其是政府追求其自身利益导致了行政垄断的产生;行政垄断程度大小受很多因素影响,大致可分为需求因素和供给因素两类。这些因素不但决定了行政垄断程度,而且决定了政企之间的利益分配。电信业改革启示我们,中央政府下一步可以从市场结构、规制改革、反垄断法三个方面破除行政垄断;要彻底根除行政垄断,政治体制改革不可避免。

For the industries where there exists market failure,there is need for the government to regulate the function of competition.However,if the government regulation does not reach the expected goal,this regulation actually becomes a kind of unreasonable administrative monopoly,which does great harm to economics and hasn＇t been well reformed.So what on earth leads to the emergence and continuance of administrative monopoly？ All parties especially the government in pursuit of their own interest give birth to administrative monopoly.The extent of administrative monopoly is determined by many factors,which is composed of two categories： the supply and the demand.Those factors not only determine the extent of administrative monopoly,but also the interest distribution of all parties.Although the administrative monopoly itself is an equilibrium,we can still get some experience from the reformation of telegram industry.The central government can eliminate administrative from the following three aspects： market structure,regulation reformation and the antitrust law.What＇s more,the political reformation is unavoidable to eliminate administrative monopoly completely.