有机-无机杂化介孔二氧化硅在环境保护中的应用

Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Mesoporous Silicas and Their Applications in Environmental Protection

将有机基团通过后嫁接或共缩聚法引入到介孔二氧化硅的孔道表面或骨架中,根据有机基团在材料中的位置可得到表面结合型和桥键型两类功能化介孔材料。本文总结了有机-无机杂化介孔二氧化硅的分类及合成方法,重点介绍了该类材料作为吸附剂在环境保护中的应用,包括金属阳离子、含氧阴离子、有机污染物和气体的去除与回收。并展望了有机-无机杂化介孔二氧化硅的发展前景。

Mesoporous organic-inorganic hybrid materials have been obtained through the coupling of inorganic and organic components by template synthesis.The incorporation of functionalities onto material pore surfaces or into the frameworks can be achieved by post-synthesis grafting or co-condensation method.The classification and synthesis methods of hybrid mesoporous silica materials are reviewed.Besides,the applications of hybrid materials in environmental protection are highlighted,including removal and recovery of metal cations,oxyanions,organic pollutants and gases.The outlook of the organic-inorganic hybrid mesoporous silicas is provided.