从维护公平贸易到变相贸易保护--世界反倾销的兴起与发展

Origin and Development of Anti-dumping: a Global Perspective

反倾销是近年来国际贸易争端的焦点问题。反倾销政策的起源在于维护国际贸易的公平,但是自20世纪80年代以来,反倾销越来越多地被运用于贸易保护。在某种意义上,反倾销补充、部分替代了以前关税在贸易保护中发挥的作用。大量的发展中国家逐步采取了主动的反倾销策略。冶金、化工、塑料等行业是被反倾销最多的行业。

Nowadays anti-dumping has been a main issue of dispute in international trade. Against its initial purpose of safeguarding a fair trade about 100 years ago, it has been increasingly used as a tool of trade protection since the 1980s. To some extent, anti-dumping measures have partly replaced the role of tariff in trade protection. A large number of developing countries have voluntarily adopted anti-dumping measures since 1980s, which are most popular in such industries as metallurgy, chemical and plastics manufacturing, while China has been the biggest victim of such policies.