听从艺术的召唤——俄罗斯当代前卫艺术述评

At the Call of Art——A Review of Contemporary Russian Avant-garde Art

谈到俄罗斯艺术,人们很容易将它同现实主义划等号,实际上,俄罗斯并不缺少艺术实验。20世纪初,俄国曾掀起过一场以康定斯基、马列维奇、塔特林、李西茨基等艺术家为代表的前卫艺术运动,对世界艺术造成了极为深远的影响。在当代,受苏联意识形态的影响,前卫艺术备受压制,艺术家们在"地下"开展艺术实验,逐渐形成一股"非官方艺术"力量,并在七八十年代形成了第二次前卫艺术运动。苏联解体后,艺术创作获得完全的自由,艺术实验极为活跃,形成了第三波前卫艺术浪潮。俄罗斯当代前卫艺术深受欧美艺术的影响,但又在很大程度上保留其民族文化的特点,从而构成了当代世界艺术史上的独特现象。

Russian art always reminds people of realism. As a matter of fact, Russia does not lack art experiments. At the beginning of the 20th century, Russia set off an avant-garde art movement with representative artists like Kandinsky, Malevich, Tatlin, Lissitzky, etc. The movement has exerted profound and lasting influences on the world art. In the contemporary era, under the influence of the Soviet ideology, the avant - garde art has been greatly suppressed so much so that the artists have had to conduct art experiments ＂underground＂ and formed a force of ＂unofficial art＂. During the 1970s to 1980s, the second avant - garde art movement was launched. After the USSR was formally dissolved, artistic creation obtained complete freedom and art experiments became extremely active, which promoted the third tidal wave of avant-garde art. Contemporary Russian avant - garde art is subjected to great influences of Western art but, to a great extent, remins its national cultural characteristics, which constitutes a unique phenomenon in the history of contemporary world art.