胆囊切除致肝外胆管损伤16例临床分析

Extrahepatic bile duct injury caused by cholecystectomy:a clinical analysis of 16 cases

目的探讨胆囊切除致肝外胆管损伤修复的时机和方法。方法回顾性分析1985年1月至2009年12月中国医科大学附属第一医院普通外科16例胆囊切除致胆管损伤的确诊时间与修复时机。结果术中发现(确诊)4例,术后早期确诊10例,后期确诊2例。术中及术后确诊的12例胆管横断性损伤及2例腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)远期胆管瘢痕性狭窄行胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术。2例时间较短(<6个月)效果难以评估。12例无胆道感染及胆管炎等吻合口狭窄表现。1例LC术后5d黄疸行开腹手术发现2枚钛夹夹闭胆总管,拆除钛夹行胆总管T管引流术。1例小切口胆囊切除术(MC)术后胆漏,内镜下鼻胆管引流术(ENBD)4周后痊愈。结论根据胆管损伤的确诊时间、损伤程度而采取不同的处理方法;如不适合行对端吻合及自身生物瓣修复时,胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术是常用而有效的方法。

Objective To explore the repair timing and method of extrahepatic bile duct injury caused by cholecystectomy. Methods Final diagnosis time, repair timing and method of 16 cases of extrahepatic bile duct injury caused by cholecystectomy admitted between January 1985 and December 2009 in the Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. Results Four cases were found during operation. Ten cases were diagnosed during early postoperation. Two cases were diagnosed during late postoperation. Jejunum Roux-en-Y anastomosis was performed in 12 cases of bile duct transection injury diagnosed during and after operation and 2 cases of bile duct stricture caused by laparoscopic cholecystectomy （LC）. The therapeutic effect of 2 cases is difficult to assess because postoperative time was shorter than 6 months. Twelve cases had no cholangitis and other biliary tract infection. One case in the 5th day after LC had jaundice, in whom two titanium clip occlusion of the common bile duct were found during the second operation, and then removing the line titanium clips and making T tube drainage of common bile duct were performed. One case had bile leakage after small-incision cholecystectomy （MC）, in whom endoscopic biliary drainage （ENBD） was performed. The case recovered 4 weeks later. Conclusion The right treatment should be made according to the duct injury time and degree. If it is not suitable for end to end anastomosis and self biological valve repairing, the bile duct jejunum Roux-en-Y anastomosis is a common and effective method.