丸粒化处理对几种牧草种子萌发及生理特性的影响

Effects of Seed Pelleting on Seed Germination and Physiological Indexes of Forages

选用青海中华羊茅(Festuca sinensis Keng cv.Qinghai)、披碱草(Elymus dahuricus Turcz.)、青海冷地早熟禾(Poa crymophila Keng cv.Qinghai)和同德老芒麦(Elymus sibircus cv.Tongde)4种牧草种子为材料,采用以羊粪和粘土为主要填充剂和粘合剂的包衣材料制作丸粒化牧草种子,以期明确丸粒化处理对种子发芽以及种子生理指标的影响,为改善丸粒化处理后种子的萌发条件提供科学理论依据。结果表明:丸粒化处理后,4个牧草种子萌发启动期延迟,最终发芽率降低,平均苗高、发芽指数、苗高活力指数等发芽指标均降低,并且不同牧草种子丸粒化处理与对照种子间差异极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)。丸粒化处理后种子的相对电导率升高(P<0.01)、丙二醛(MDA)含量降低(P<0.05)、可溶性糖含量升高(P<0.05)、脯氨酸(Pro)含量升高(P<0.01),且4种牧草表现趋势相似。包衣材料的水分和通透性是影响丸粒化种子发芽指标的2个重要因素,选择合适的包衣材料可提高种子的发芽指标,提高丸粒化牧草的抗逆性。

Effects of pelletized seed on germination and physiological indexes were clarified to provide theoretical basis of improving seed germination conditions.Four forage seeds（Festuca sinensis Keng cv.Qinghai,Elymus dahuricus Turcz.,Poa crymophila Keng cv.Qinghai and Elymus sibircus cv Tongde） were selected to determine seed germination rate and physiological indexes.Seeds were pelletized covering in a mixture of sheep manure and clay.Results showed that both germination rate and physiological indexes of different forage seeds were significantly different between treatments and control（P0.01 or P0.05）.Electrical conductivity increased in pelletized-seed treatments compared with control（P0.01）.Malondialdehyde content decreased markedly with pelletized-seed treatments compared to control（P0.05）,whereas soluble sugar content increased（P0.05） and proline accumulated markedly（P0.01）.Results indicate that water and air contents are the key factors of seed germination.Pelleting material selection is important to assure the increase of seed germination indexes.