乙酸铅对雄性成年小鼠生殖系统的毒性作用

Toxic Effect of Lead Acetate on Reproductive System in Mature Male Mice

目的研究乙酸铅对雄性成年小鼠的生殖系统的毒性作用。方法将120只健康成年(8周龄)清洁级昆明雄性小鼠随机分为4组,分别为对照(蒸馏水)组和低(500 mg/kg)、中(1 000 mg/kg)、高(2 000 mg/kg)剂量乙酸铅染毒组,每组30只。采用经口灌胃的方式进行染毒,灌胃容量为10 ml/kg,每天1次,连续染毒14 d。染毒结束后,测定附睾精子计数、睾丸酶活力[酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、Ca-Mg-ATP酶、Na-K-ATP酶、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)]以及睾丸和血清的相关激素[黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、睾酮(T)]浓度。结果与对照组相比,1 000、2 000 mg/kg乙酸铅染毒组小鼠的精子计数较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);且随着染毒剂量的增高,小鼠的精子计数呈减少趋势。各乙酸铅染毒组大鼠的LDH、Ca-Mg-ATP活力与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义。与对照组比较,1 000、2 000 mg/kg乙酸铅染毒组大鼠ACP、AKP、Na-K-ATPase活力以及2 000 mg/kg乙酸铅染毒组SDH、NOS活力均较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。且随着乙酸铅染毒剂量的增高,大鼠ACP、AKP、SDH、Na-K-ATP活力均呈下降趋势。与对照组比较,各乙酸铅染毒组小鼠血清T浓度均较低,血清FSH浓度均高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);1 000、2 000 mg/kg乙酸铅染毒组小鼠睾丸T浓度均较,血清LH浓度均高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。且随着乙酸铅染毒剂量的增高,大鼠血清和睾丸T浓度均呈下降趋势,血清FSH和LH浓度均呈上升趋势。结论在本实验染毒时间和剂量范围内,铅染毒可对成年雄性小鼠的睾丸产生生殖毒性。

Objective To evaluate the toxic effect of lead acetate on the reproductive system of mature male mice.Methods One hundred and twenty healthy Kunming mice aged 8 months were randomly divided into one control group and three experimental groups.Thirty mice in each group were treated with lead acetate solution（10 ml/kg） through gavage at the dose of 0,500,1 000 and 2 000 mg/kg once a day for 14 consecutive days.The mice were sacrificed on day 15 for the measurement of the sperm count in epididymides,the activity of enzymes of testis,and concentration of related hormone in testis and serum.Results The sperm counts of epididymides in 1 000 and 2 000 mg/kg groups were both decreased significantly compared with the control group（P0.01）.With the lead acetate dose increasing,a downtrend in sperm counts was observed.There were no statistical significances in the activities of lactate dehydrogenase（LDH） and Ca-Mg-ATPase in testis between the experiment and the control groups（P0.05）.The activities of acid phosphatase（ACP）,Na-K-ATPase and alkaline phosphatase（AKP） of testis in 1 000 and 2 000 mg/kg groups were all decreased significantly compared with the control group.The activities of succinate dehydrogenase（SDH） and nitric oxide synthase（NOS） of testis in 2 000 mg/kg group were both decreased significantly compared with the control group（P0.05,P0.01）.With the lead acetate administration dose increasing,a downtrend in the activities of ACP,AKP,SDH,Na-K-ATPase was observed.The concentrations of testosterone of serum in all three experiment groups were significantly decreased compared with the control group（P0.01）,and the concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone（FSH） of serum were significantly increased（P0.01）.The concentrations of testosterone of testis in 1 000 and 2 000 mg/kg groups were both significantly decreased compared with the control group（P0.01）,and the concentrations of luteinizing hormone（LH） of serum were significantly increased（P0.01）.With the lead acetate dose increasing,a downtrend in the concentrations of testosterone in serum and testis,and uptrend in the concentrations of FSH and LH in serum were both observed.Conclusion Under the conditions of the present research,lead exposure can induce toxic effect on testis of mature male mice.