某电子垃圾拆解地鲫鱼和鸡蛋中二噁英和多氯联苯的污染状况研究

Pollution of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Chicken Eggs and Crucian from an E-waste Recycling Site in China

目的了解浙江省某电子垃圾拆解地食品中持久性有机污染物[二噁英(polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans,PCDD/Fs)和多氯联苯(polychlorinated biphenyls,PCBs)]的污染状况。方法于2009年3—6月,在浙江省某旧电器拆解地附近随机采集当地产鸡蛋2 kg、野生鲫鱼10尾;另外,采集离拆解地150 km的非拆解区的鸡蛋和鲫鱼样品作为对照。对样品进行提取和净化,采用高分辨气相色谱-高分辨双聚焦磁式质谱(HRGC-HRMS)痕量有机分析方法检测样品中17种二噁英单体、18种多氯联苯单体。结果拆解区鸡蛋和鲫鱼中二噁英含量分别为28.78、14.11pg/g,均远高于非拆解区(12.33、1.11 pg/g),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。浓度较高的单体为OCDD,分别占鸡蛋和鲫鱼中二噁英总量70%和30%。拆解区鸡蛋和鲫鱼中多氯联苯总量为6 511.71、21 204.43 pg/g,远高于非拆解区(263.59、256.64 pg/g),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。所有多氯联苯单体均可被检出,其中浓度较高的单体为PCB-138、PCB-153、PCB-118,共占多氯联苯总量的50%以上。拆解区的鸡蛋PCDD/Fs、PCBs毒性当量因子分别1.31、1.49 pg WHO-TEQ/g,鲫鱼PCDD/Fs、PCBs毒性当量因子分别1.67、2.02 pg WHO-TEQ/g,均高于非拆解区,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论该电子垃圾拆解地鲫鱼和鸡蛋中二噁英和多氯联苯的污染比较严重。

Objective To investigate the pollution conditions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans（PCDD/Fs） and polychlorinated biphenyls（PCBs） in food from an e-waste recycling site in Zhejiang,China.Methods From March to June in 2009,2 kg of chicken eggs and 10 crucians were collected randomly from an e-waste recycling site in Zhejiang,150 km away from which the same quantities of samples were also collected as control.After being extracted and purified,the samples were analyzed with high resolution gas chromatography（HRGC） coupled with high resolution mass spectrometer（HRMS）.A total of 35 congeners and 18 kinds of PCBs were quantitatively determined.Results Total PCDD/Fs＇ values were 28.78 and 14.11 pg/g wet weight in the eggs and crucians from the recycling site comparing with 12.33 and 1.11 pg/g in those from control sites,the difference has statistical significance.Among the PCDD congeners,OCDD was predominant accounting for 70% and 30% of the total PCDD/Fs in eggs and crucians,respectively.As for PCBs,the values（6511.71 and 21204.43 pg/g） in recycling site were significantly higher compared with the control（263.59 and 256.64 pg/g）.All of the PCB congeners could be detected.PCB-138,PCB-153 and PCB-118 were the three predominant congeners accounting for 50% of the total PCBs.The total toxic equivalents（TEQ） were 1.31 and 1.49 pg WHO-TEQ/g in PCDD/Fs and PCBs in the eggs from the recycling site,and 1.67 and 2.02 pg WHO-TEQ/g in the crucians.All the TEQ values were significantly higher than those from control sites.Conclusion Highen accumulation of PCDD/Fs and PCBs detected in chicken eggs and crucians indicates that there might be a severe contamination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans and polychlorinated biphenyls in food caused by electronic wastes recycling site.