颈前外侧入路枕-椎动脉吻合术的应用解剖

Applied anatomy of occipital-vertebral artery anastomosis by cervical anterolateral approach

目的 为经颈前外侧入路行枕-椎动脉吻合术提供应用解剖学资料。方法 在16具(32侧)常规防腐的成年尸体标本上解剖观测枕动脉、椎动脉以及手术入路有关的解剖学。结果 枕动脉其起点部外径为0.2±0.02cm,枕动脉沟部外径0.19±0.02cm,其间长度为4.4±1.1cm,起点距寰椎横突1.8±0.7cm,距枢椎横突1.3±0.4cm,寰枢椎横突间椎动脉的外径为0.36±0.04cm。有18.8％枕动脉发支平面高,血管蒂较短。结论 经颈前外侧入路可以行枕-椎动脉端侧吻合,但技术难度较后入路大。

Objective To apply the anatomy for occipital-vertebral artery anastomosis by cervical anterolat-eral approach. Methods 16 adult preserved cadavers were used in the present study to observe 32 sides of occipital artery and its relationship with vertebral artery. Results The outer diameter of occipital artery at its opening in external carotid and at occipital groove was 0. 2±0. 02cm and 0. 19±0. 02cm, respectively. The length of this segment was 4. 4±1. 1cm, whereas the distance between its opening and atlas transverse process was 1. 8±0. 7cm and between its opening and axial transverse process 1. 3±0. 4cm. The outer diameter of atlantoaxial portion of vertebral artery was 0. 36±0. 04cm. Conclusion It is practicable for occipital-vertebral end-side artery anastomosis through cervical anterolateral approach, but technical difficulty is more than through posterior approach.