视皮层中的视差计算

Disparity Computation in the Visual Cortices

对应问题是从图像恢复物体三维几何形状的核心问题,也是计算机视觉领域长久以来没有很好解决的问题.尽管文献中有大量对应点匹配算法报道,但这些主体基于数学和工程的方法,在鲁棒性方面离人类视觉还有很大的差距.所以,建立基于生理机理的立体感知模型,可望有效提高匹配的鲁棒性.然而,要建立这种基于生理机制的计算模型,需要对生物立体感知的机理有所了解.基于此,本文对近年来关于生物立体感知的进展和主要研究成果进行了总结,包括初级区域V1,V2,V3区,以及背部通道的MT,MST,IPS和腹部通道的V4,IT区.除了对这些区域关于神经生理的成果进行介绍外,我们还简单介绍了著名的视差能量模型及其推广模型.本文对研究计算机视觉的人员有一定的参考价值.

The correspondence problem is essential for recovering the 3D shape of object from its images,however,this problem has not been solved satisfactorily in the computer vision field.Although numerous mathematical and engineering methods were reported in the literature,they were unable to perform as the human stereo vision does in terms of robustness.Therefore,a physiology based computational model is solicited,and this in turn requires some knowledge about biological stereo vision.To this end,we reviewed the relevant progresses in physiology about stereo depth perception,including the low level areas V1,V2,V3,dorsal areas MT,MST,IPS,and ventral areas V4,IT.In addition to these physiological studies,we also introduced the well known disparity energy model and its generalized model.This article could be of reference to computer vision researchers.