“思”与思维着的“我”——笛卡尔和康德自我观的异同

"Thinking"and the Ego who Thinks: The Similarities and Differences in the Conceptions of Ego of Descartes and Kant

现代哲学的逻辑起点不是独断的外在实体，而是无需前提设定而直接自明给予的自我意识。自我主体问题成为连接笛卡尔和康德的一个核心问题。笛卡尔哲学的起点是“我思故我在”，康德哲学的核心是先验主体的“知性为自然立法”。

Substantial ego seems decline in the process of modern philosophy, but it keeps on returning to the main topics of modern philosophy in various ways·Descartes' ego is not dogmatic but is given in consciousness, if it is said to be substance, it is Kant s thing in itself·And Descartes did do some work of transcendentalization of ego·The discourse of subject treated as parenthesis or as main sentence shows different attitude on this problem; the ego is not only cognitive subject but also the subject of duty, it has some kind of psychological reality·