角蛋白酶脱毛机理探究(一):脱毛条件的优化

Dehairing of Skins by Keratinase Bacillus Cereus SZ-4:Optimum of the Process

生物脱毛是制革清洁化生产中的研究热点,角蛋白酶由于其特异性可将对胶原的水解降低,提高成革质量,但尚未完全阐明其脱毛机理。应用已筛选得到的产角蛋白酶菌株发酵液于制革脱毛,探究其在制革工序中的脱毛机理。采用单因素实验优化脱毛实验条件,在最佳条件下进行脱毛,结合组织学方法观察不同脱毛程度及脱毛条件下的皮质状况。基于皮质状况评定,该角蛋白酶粗酶液脱毛最佳条件为:脱毛酶活力单位160 U/mL,pH9和30℃;组织学观察结果表明,该产角蛋白酶菌株的发酵粗酶液中含有一类酶其作用机理如传统脱毛蛋白酶,通过作用基底膜,破坏粘性蛋,使毛根与毛囊脱离,此外,该粗酶液中含有角蛋白酶特异性分解角蛋白,提高脱毛效率。该产角蛋白酶菌株所产粗酶液的脱毛过程是各种酶协同作用,脱毛效果较优,较为适合生物脱毛,具有潜在的应用价值。

As a hot-spot of biological dehairing,keratinase is specific to degrade keratin,which resulted in the reduction of damage to collagen and improvement of the quality of resultant leather.But the mechanism still remains.Bacillus strains which exhibit keratinolytic activity screened was applied to the process of dehairing to establish the producing-clear of the leather and also to explore the mechanism.One-variable-at-a-time approach was utilized to optimize dehairing conditions and the dehairing mechanism by keratinase was investigated via the observation of histology from different dehairing conditions.The optimum conditions included the keratinase activity of 160U/mL,the dehairing temperature of 30 ℃ and the pH value of 9;the fermentation solution not only contained traditional alkaline enzymes to help dehairing,but keratinase which act directly on keratin to enhance the quality of dehairing.This Bacillus strain,which has synergy of multi enzymes,is better for dehairing in leather process and shows extremely potential in practice.