基于三阶段DEA模型的中国星级饭店经营效率研究

Management Efficiency of Star-rated Hotels in China Using Three-stage DEA Model

目前国内研究星级饭店经营效率所采用的模型均无法剥离环境和误差因素对效率值的影响。运用DEA三阶段模型,对2000-2007年中国星级饭店经营效率状况进行了实证分析。研究表明,2000-2007年间我国星级饭店业整体经营效率呈现下降的趋势,这一结果说明我国星级饭店近年来经营效率本身并无显著改善;各地区星级饭店经营效率存在显著差异,上海、青海、北京、浙江4个地区较稳定地处于经营效率前沿面上;根据经营效率值与投入水平,将我国星级饭店业的经营模式划分为相对效率高投入、相对效率低投入、高效率高投入、高效率低投入、低效率高投入和低效率低投入6种类型,并针对不同类型提出相应的发展提升方向。

Currently,the models that have been widely used in calculating the efficiency of star-rated hotels in China have been unable to account for the problems caused by the impact of the environmental variables and random errors.In this paper,the three-stage DEA model is adopted to overcome the shortcomings of the previous models in examining the efficiency of star-rated hotels in China for the period 2000-2007.The results indicate that,the efficiency of star-rated hotels has been decreasing over the sample period,which demonstrated that the management efficiency of star-rated hotels needs to be improved.The results also show that the performance of the star-rated hotels varies from provinces to provinces.For example,the star-rated hotels in Shanghai,Qinghai,Beijing,and Zhejiang Provinces have been consistently operating on the frontier compared with the hotels from the other provinces.According to the efficiency and the level of input,we can divide the provinces into six groups： relatively efficient and high input,relatively efficient and low input,high efficiency and high input,high efficiency and low input,low efficiency and high input,as well as low efficiency and low input groups.The implications of the research findings together with the recommendations are also presented in the paper.