锂离子电池碳负极研究新动向

New trends of development of carbon negative electrode in lithium ion battery

锂离子电池是近年来发展起来的一种新型电池，其研究重点是电池负极材料。本文根据国内外锂离子电池发展现状，讨论了近年来锂离子电池负极——碳电极的发展动态。比较了各类碳材料的性质，如石墨、焦炭、碳纤维和微珠碳等。并提出对石墨无序化条件、石墨掺杂形成纳米级复合材料和对石墨改性使其形成纳米级孔、洞和通道等技术进行深入研究，目的是提高锂的可逆贮量和减少不可逆容量损失，有利于负极比容量的提高，从而有利于进一步提高锂离子电池的比能量，并认为这些技术将是未来锂离子电池发展的重要方向。

Lithium ion rechargeable battery is a new type of battery developed in recent years.The main focus of attention in this system is naturally on the anode.The recent development of carbon negative electrode was discussed and the comparison of various carbon materials such as graphites,cokes,carbon fibers and mesocarbons were also made according to the current situation of development of Li ion battery at home and abroad.In addition,the research of disording conditions of graphite,preparation of carbon containing nanodispered materials by doping some atoms into the graphite lattice and formation of nanopores,nanocaves and nanochannels in graphite were pur forward .The goal of these improvement is to increase the amount of lithium that can be reversibly stored,and to minimize the irreversibly capacity losses at the same time,in order to increase further specific capacity of carbon negative electrode and energy density of the battery.Moreover,these technologies will the improtant research aspect of Li ion battery in the future.