北京市海淀区社区人群常见皮肤病流行病学调查及风险因素分析

The Prevalence of Skin Diseases in a Community of Bingjing and Analysis of Risk Factors

目的了解北京市海淀区社区普通人群常见皮肤病的惠病情况并探讨可能的风险因素方法采用横断面问卷调查方法于2008年8月对北京市海淀区以社区为单位随机整群抽取1个社区，共2345人，逐一进行皮肤科检查，收集常见皮肤病的流行病学资料一所有资料进行Logisfie回归分析,用SPSS16．0软件进行统计分析、结果应调查人数2345人，实际调查2009人（85．67％），皮肤病总患病率52．22％、患病率最高的皮肤病依次为浅部真菌病（16．67％）、脂溢性角化病（10.55％）、湿疹皮炎类皮肤病（9．26％）等性别、年龄、药物过敏、伴系统疾病、睡眠质量差是影响皮肤病总患病率的独立风险因素（OR分别为1．407，1．029，1．653，1．442，1．954；95％可信区间分别为1．033～1．916，1．019～1．0．38，1．221～2．237，1．093～1．902，1．264～3．020）；年龄、个人病史、不均衡炊食是脂溢性角化病患病的独立风险因素（OR分别为1．058，1．840，1．585；95％可信区间分别为1．040～1．076．1．252～2．702．1．128～2．228）；年龄、伴系统疾病是浅部真菌病患病的独立风险因素（OR分别为1．016，1．460：95％可信区间分别为1．008～1．024，1．069～1．995）；年龄、药物过敏及出生排行在前是湿疹皮炎粪皮肤病患病的独立风险因素（OR分别为1．023，1．699，1．146；95％可信区间分别为1．012～1．033．1．168～2．474，1．003～1．310）．结论北京市海淀区社区普通人群中皮肤病很常见年龄、药物过敏、伴系统疾病及睡眠质量差是患皮肤病的可能风险因素，值得深入研究。

Objective To assess the prevalence and risk factors of comnron skin diseases in community population of Bingjing. Methods Cross-sectional questionnaire sutey and physical exanlination were conducted in a community selected by cluster sampling during August 2008. The software SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze the date statis- tically. Results 2 009 persons （ 85.67% ） of 2 345 were surveyed and tile prevalence of skin diseases was 52.22%. The most common skin diseases were superficial fungal infections （16. 67% ）, seirorrheic keralosis （10.55%）and eczema（9.26% ）. The risk factors of skin diseases include sex, age,drug allergic, accompanied systemic diseases and bad sleep（ OR = 1. 407, 1. 029,1. 653,1. 442, 1.954 ; 95% confidence interval were 1. 033 1. 916, 1. 019 - 1. 038, 1. 221 - 2.237, 1. 093 - 1. 902, 1. 264- 3. 020）. The prevalence of seborrheic keratosis was significantly higher in older people, systenric diseases and unbalanced nutrition intake（ OR = 1. 058, 1. 840, 1.585; 95%confidence interval were 1.040- 1.076, 1.252-2.702,1.128 -2.228）. The prevalence of superficial fungal infections was significantly higher in older people or those with systemic diseases（ OR = 1. 016, 1. 460; 95% confidence interval 1. 008- 1. 024,1. 069 -1. 995 ）. The prevalence of eczema was significantly higher in older people, espelially those with drug allergic and born early among brothers and sisters. （ OR = 1. 023, 1. 699, 1. 146, 95%confidence interval 1.012 - 1.033, 1. 168 -2.474,1.003 - 1. 310）. Conclusion Skin diseases were very conunon in Beijing community. Seniority in the family, drug allergic, aecompanied systemic diseases and bad sleep were potential risk factors for skin diseases which need further study.