骨髓基质干细胞向内皮细胞诱导分化的方法及临床应用前景

Methods and clinical applications of inducing bone marrow stromal stem cells to differentiate into vascular endothelial cells

骨髓基质干细胞是一种多潜能干细胞,能自我复制并能分化为多种细胞系,目前被广泛用于再生医学的研究。在体外,经过一定细胞因子和细胞外基质的诱导,可定向分化为血管内皮细胞;在体内,骨髓基质干细胞被移植到缺血区后可发生血管生成。故临床上骨髓基质干细胞可用于少血管或无血管区的血管构建和受损组织的修复,但也可引起血管再狭窄、肿瘤生长等不良后果。该文就骨髓基质干细胞向内皮细胞分化的诱导条件、分子机制、临床应用等进行综述。

Bone marrow stromal stem cells（BMSCs） are a kind of pluripotent stem cells,which possess the ability of self-replication and differentiation into sorts of lineages and are widely used in the research of regenerative medicine at the present time.In vitro,BMSCs can be induced to differentiate into vascular endothelial cells（ECs） directionally by the action of diverse cytokines and extracellular matrix;in vivo,transplantation of BMSCs into ischemic sites may result in neovascularization.Thereby treatment of micro-vascular reconstruction at lack-vascular or avascular zone and healing of injured tissues will be available,but with some adverse outcomes,including vascular restenosis,tumor growth and so on.The purpose of this article was to review the inducing conditions,molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of the differentiation from bone marrow stromal stem cells into vascular endothelial cells.