日光温室滴灌条件下土壤基质势对黑长茄生长的影响研究

Effect of Soil Matric Potential on Long Black Eggplants Growth under Drip Irrigation in Solar Greenhouses

利用埋在滴头正下方0.2 m深度的真空表负压计,通过控制土壤基质势下限（-10 kPa,S1;-20 kPa,S2;-30 kPa,S3;-40 kPa,S4）,研究在太行山山前平原日光温室覆膜滴灌条件下土壤基质势对秋冬茬口长茄（黑长茄）（S.melongena var.serpentinum Bailey）生长的影响。试验结果表明：黑长茄的株高和叶面积随土壤基质势的提高而增加;但过高的土壤基质势导致黑长茄产量下降,土壤基质势在-20kPa时,黑长茄产量最高,土壤基质势在-40kPa时,灌溉水利用效率最高;黑长茄果实的可溶性糖含量随土壤基质势的提高而降低;黑长茄果实的VC和蛋白质含量与土壤基质势的变化梯度没有关系。综合考虑黑长茄产量、品质和灌溉水利用效率,日光温室覆膜滴灌条件下黑长茄的土壤基质势控制在-20~30 kPa最为适宜。

Through using vacuum tensionmeters buried at 20cm depth under emitter and controlling the threshold of soil matrix potential（-10 kPa,S1;-20 kPa,S2;-30 kPa,S3;-40 kPa,S4）,the field experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of soil matrix potential on the growth of long black eggplants under mulch drip irrigation in solar greenhouses in 2010.The results showed that the plant height and LAI of long black eggplants increased with the increase of soil matrix potential.While too high soil matrix potential will lead to the decrease of fruit yield.The highest fruit yields and the highest irrigation water use efficiency were achieved when the soil matrix potential was at-20 kPa and-40 kPa,respectively.The lower the soil matrix potential was,the higher of the sugar content was.The vitamin C and protein content of the fruit had nothing to do with the soil matrix potential.From the viewpoint of high yield,good fruit quality and water saving,the soil matrix potential for long black eggplants in the solar greenhouse was suggested from-20 to-30 kPa.