合同的绝对无效和相对无效——一种技术化的合同效力评价规则解说

Absolute Voidance and Relative Voidance of Contract:A Technicalized Interpretation on Rule of Contract Validity Evaluation

有效、可撤销、效力待定及无效制度仅仅是合同法上的合同效力评价规则,不妨碍其他民事规则、行政法规则、甚至刑法规则同时适用。合同无效有时可以更好地惩戒不法当事人,但有时却使得不法当事人逃离合同约束,从其非法行为中获利,甚至还会损害合同善意相对人以及和合同相关的善意第三人的利益。合同相对无效和绝对无效的区分,能有效保护善意相对人和善意第三人,有力地回应现代商事交易安全的需要。

As the principle of evaluating contract validity,the system of defining a contract being effective,voidable,effect-pending and void will not impede the application of civil,administrative and criminal regulations.Sometimes the unjust party would be punished by the effective contract.However,he may escape from the void contract and infringe the bona fides party and the third party.The classification of relative voidance and absolute voidance of contract can protect the bona fides party and the third party and business transaction security.