习惯,还是习惯法:习惯在法律体系中形态研究

Habits,Customary law:Research on the Habits of Shapes in the Legal System

习惯、习惯法与民间法是当今法学界常用的三个不同概念,用来分别指称不同的规范范畴。习惯是法律的重要渊源,不管在来源与形式上,是不可否认的事实。习惯法作为一个具有特殊意义的概念,在人类法律史上的存在却具有特殊的时代性与价值意义。中国古代对少数民族固有法与习惯,中原汉人民间各类具有规范性作用的"俗"并不用习惯法来指称,而是用"刑"、"法"、"例"和"俗"等。习惯在法律体系中成为法律的路径有二种:概括性承认习惯在特定条件下成为法律适用时的依据和把习惯作为立法来源,写入正式的法律,上升为成文法。习惯法在法律体系结构中有两种模式:法律与习惯法并存和特定法律适用中习惯成为特定案件与事件的依据而成为习惯法。

It is commonly used in today＇s jurisprudence of the three different concepts that the habits,the customary law and the folk law,namely to refer to different rules for each category.Undeniable fact is that,regardless of the source and form,habits are important sources of law.There are two paths that habits become law in the legal system：the general application of law to be recognized as the legal basis and the applicable legislation used as a source of formal legal writing,up to statutory law.Customary law in the legal system has two modes：the coexistence of law and customary law in the legal forms and the habits applicable in specific cases and events to become the legal basis for the rise in the customary law.