急性白血病并院内感染的临床观察

CLINICAL STUDY OF ACUTE LEUKEMIA WITH HOSPITAL INFECTION

目的探讨急性白血病病人（ＡＬ）院内感染的临床特点、感染种类及治疗方法。②方法回顾性分析１８８例ＡＬ并院内感染病人的临床资料，对其感染率、感染部位、病原微生物种类及易感因素等进行分析。③结果院内感染占同期住院病人的６３．５％，急性淋巴细胞性白血病（ＡＬＬ）感染率高于急性非淋巴细胞性白血病（ＡＮＬＬ）；感染部位以呼吸道、口腔、肛旁最多见；病原微生物以细菌最常见，真菌、病毒次之；在易感因素中，粒细胞减少症及其持续时间、病人年龄、ＡＬ类型、住院时间长短及空气层流与感染有关。④结论ＡＬ病人易发生院内感染，且感染与多种因素有关，有效地预防感染是降低ＡＬ病人病死率的重要措施。

Objective\ To investigate the clinical characteristics, type and treatment of hospital infection in acute leukemia patients.\ Methods\ A retrospective study of 188 acute leukemia(AL) patients with hospital infection was made , and the infectious rate, sites, types of infectious agents and susceptible factors were analyzed.\ Results\ The hospital infection rate of AL patients was 63.5%, of which the infection rate of acute lymphocyte leukemia(ALL) patients was higher than that of acute nonlymphocyte leukemia(ANLL) patients. Respiratory tract, mouth and paraanal area were the most common infectious sites. Bacteria infections were most commonly seen, then were fungus and virus infection. Agranulocytosis and its duration, patient's age, type of AL, days of hospitalization and laminar air flow were most susceptible factors of infection.\ Conclusion\ Patients with leukemia were susceptible to infection and leukemia infection was correlated with multifactors. Prevention of infection is an important way of reducing mortality of leukemia patients.