黄草坝乡农村基本医疗服务需求与利用

Needs and Utilization of Primary Health Care In Township of Huangcaoba, Yunnan

了解农村社区居民健康现状， 农村居民基本医疗服务需求与利用， 就医行为， 未就诊原因和出院原因． 用定量调查表入户进行调查， 对个旧市黄草坝乡８ 个自然村， ２８３ 户农户， １ ３６９ 人采用定量调查与定性调查相结合的方法进行． 结果： 调查近两周患病率８２５％ ， 需住院率６２８％ ， 与１９９３ 年全国调查贫困县相比差异不大； 患病而未就诊的比例５０４４％ ， 需住院而未住院比例１６２８％ ， 需求与利用尚有一定差距； 造成需求与利用差距的原因主要是经济困难， 其次是健康意识不强， 交通不便等． 结论： 促进经济发展、开展健康教育、改革农村医疗保健制度、搞好区域卫生规划和合理配置卫生资源是改善农村基本医疗服务需求与利用的主要措施．

Objective: To study the health status of the residents in rural community, to understand needs and utilization of primary health care, and how/why they access health care. Method: The date was collected by interview in structured questionnaire and groups discussion in eight natural village's (totally 283 households) of Huangcaoba township. Results: Two weeks sick rate was 8 25% and the rate of needing treating in the hospital was 6 28% in 1998 among rural residents of Huangcaoba. These results were no difference comparing with the results of China's poor country research conducted in 1993 50 44% of self-reported patient did not go to see doctors and 16 28% of patients did not follow doctors suggest to be treated in the hospital in 1998 Main cause influencing on utilization of primary health care was poor economic condition, health awareness and transportation problem. Conclusion: needs and utilization of rural primary health care was related with education, sanitary condition, sufficient equipment and so on.