茂兰自然保护区内水族传统习俗中的环境保护意识

Shui's Traditional Practices About the Awareness of Environmental Protection in Maolan National Nature Reserve

水族是茂兰自然保护区内的主要居住民族之一。水族人民在长期的适应环境、改造环境中形成了很多传统习俗,在这些习俗中处处透露出自然环境保护的意识。水族自然崇拜中的树神崇拜、水族风水观念对水族村落布置的影响、生态建筑中"干栏"式楼房的修建、就地取材进行石棺墓葬和石棺上雕刻的图案、水族传统服饰的颜色与刺绣、水族梯田稻作农耕中梯田的开发和水资源的有效利用、水族人民生计方式的转变减少了对土地的开发、村规民约对保护区内人们行为的约束等,使得茂兰保护区内水族聚居地人与自然能够和谐发展,喀斯特森林生态系统得到有效保护。

The group of shui is one of the principal resident in Maolan National Nature Reserve.In the long-term of adapt and modify the environment period,the shui people had formed a number of traditional practices,These practices in everywhere revealed the awareness of protecting the natural environment.Such like one of the natural worship-tree god worship,layout of villages affected by The concepts of feng shui,＂dry column＂type of building construction in eco-architecture,local materials for stone coffin tombs and sarcophagus carved patterns,colors and embroidery in traditional costumes,development about the terraced fields and efficient use water resources in terraced rice farming,to change the way of people＇s livelihoods reduce the need for land development,and the restraint about people＇s behaviour by the villages＇ law and tradition etc all of it made the Maolan National Nature Reserve harmoniously develop between the human beings and nature and also make an effective protection for Karst forest ecosystems.