凹槽差动式窄缝消能工的设计与研究

Design and Exploration of Groove Differential Slit Energy Dissipater

目前在河岸式多孔溢洪道上应用窄缝挑坎消能工,都是采用沿闸墩后用长墩隔开,至出口墩体升高加厚、急剧收缩成窄缝的结构形式,全程隔墩混凝土用量大,而且侧向水压力荷载强大影响到工程投资、结构安全与泄洪运行管理。本设计提出省去中隔墩,溢洪道出口在连续挑坎基础上增加凹槽式窄缝,借以实现继续应用收缩射流消能工。经模型试验表明:通过分段连续坎与窄缝的差动作用,加大入水面积和碰撞几率,水流在注入下游河床前空中消能充分,消能效果良好,值得在水利水电工程中推广应用。

At present when using slit-type bucket energy dissipater in porous chute spillway,a form of structure is usually adopted which is using long pier to blank off along sluice pier,pier rising and thickening at the exit,then contracting to a slit. The amount of dividing pier concrete is huge during the whole process.Moreover,strong lateral water pressure loading will influence construction investment,structure security and flood discharge management.This design brings up a method which can save the middle dividing pier and adds groove slit on the top of continuous bucket base at the exit of the spillway in order to keep using contracted jet energy dissipater.Model test has proved that through the differential function between radial split bucket and slit,water-entry area and probability of collision can increase;water will go through a full energy dissipation process before infusing into downstream water.It has a good energy dissipation effect and should be promoted in hydroelectric projects.