心血管介入诊疗围术期对比剂肾病的防治进展

Preventive and curative strategies of periprocedural contrast induced nephropathy

对比剂肾病(CIN)是使用碘对比剂的肾脏并发症,这种医源性并发症后果较为严重,可导致患者住院时间延长、透析治疗甚至是死亡。对心血管介入诊疗围手术期对比剂肾病的防治尚缺乏有效的方法,基础肾功能不全、糖尿病、充血性心力衰竭和对比剂使用剂量是CIN的危险因素。在术前识别高危患者、改善及纠正相关危险因素,充分水化均可减少对比剂肾病的发生。

Contrast induced nephropathy（CIN） is an important renal complication arising from the use of iodinated contrast media. The hospital length of stay, the requirement for acute dialysis and the risk of death also increase. Several large series have shown no approved methods for management of periproccdural contrast induced nephropathy. Preexisting chronic renal dysfunction, diabetes, congestive heart failure and volume of administered contrast are all .risk factors of developing CIN. However, identification of high risk patients, improvement and rectification of related risk factors, and sufficient hydration may reduce the incidence ofCIN.