开放条件下重庆地区城镇化对土地利用效率的影响及区位差异

The Effect of Urbanization on Land Utilization Efficiency and Its Spatial Difference in Chongqing Area of China under Openness

经济开放和城镇化大幅度促进经济增长是中国30年经济持续增长的重要经验。内陆地区经济赶超更加受到人地耦合系统脆弱性的挑战。在对国内外关于城镇化与土地利用关系相关文献述评的基础上,以重庆40个区县为例,通过对其城镇化水平、开放度、技术水平、区位指数及城镇建设用地综合效率进行测算,采用多元回归方法实证分析了重庆40个区县在开放条件下城镇化对土地利用效率的影响及机制。研究发现:区位因素并不像在沿海地区一样对土地利用效率起着显著性作用;土地利用效率的高低严重依赖于物质资本投入密度,而不是人力资本投入密度;极低的人力资本积累和大量缺乏训练的劳动力涌入城市,降低了城市土地利用效率并提高了经济系统的脆弱性;城镇化极为显著地促进了土地利用效率,而开放度的促进作用却不明显,二者并没有形成理论上提升土地利用综合效率的合力。

It is our important experience that using economical openness and urbanization as a driving force of economic sustaining growth,but we meet a more serious challenge of man-land coupling system in inlands than that in coastal lands during the inland area catch up with and surpass the coastal lands.Based on the comment for some relative articles,the article has computed the urbanization level,economical openness,technological level,location factor and the comprehensive efficiency of urbanization land use about the 40 counties and districts of Chongqing,and then using multivariate regress methods to show the effect mechanism of urbanization on the comprehensive efficiency of urban lands use.The results show that location factor hasn＇t played remarkable effect on comprehensive efficiency of land use which has in coastal area;the comprehensive efficiency of land use depends on the physical capital investment,but not the human capital investment;the lowest human capital accumulation and lacked training worker force has decreased the comprehensive efficiency of land use and then increased the vulnerability of whole economic system;and the openness＇ effect on comprehensive efficiency of land use is not remarkable,so the openness and urbanization have not formed the integrating force in enhancing the comprehensive efficiency of land use in Chongqing.At last,the article has proposed some policy proposals.