鱼叉与桩网之争——司各特的《雷德冈利托》

Spears and Stake-nets in Scott's Redgauntlet

瓦尔特.司各特的《雷德冈利托》以"捕鱼站暴乱"为源头,表面上记录了一段"可能发生"的斯图亚特王朝复辟事件,其隐藏的真正线索是资本主义文明取代封建庄园制、和平取代暴力的过程。分离主义在苏格兰彻底失去了存在的基础,以约书亚.格迪斯为代表的商人和农业改革家,既是亚当.斯密笔下的"理想绅士",也是一位具有韦伯式的资本主义精神的现代英雄。司各特以鱼叉与桩网、荒原与果园、暴徒与英雄的对比,指出联合是使苏格兰尽快摆脱贫困和战乱的要素,代表现代性的"资本主义精神"则是苏格兰繁荣富足的必要保障。

Redgauntlet as the last Waverley novel which concentrates on the Jacobites is a lament to the old social order before the Union.The sharp contrast between this historical memory and the economic and commercial progress declared the domination of a modern society.Joshua Geddes,not the laird of Solway Lake,is the real hero in his business and agricultural reform which is a promise to the prosperous future of Scotland.The role of symbolic primitive life of Loch Lomond and Loch Solway becomes relics of historical memory together with the forever receding of the Jacobites.The spirit of capitalism represented by Geddes would bring a bright future to Scotland.