论19世纪后期英国对印度政策的调整

On the Adjustment of the British Policy Toward India in the Late 19th Century

1857年印度民族大起义后,英国在印度的统治开始不稳定。为了保证工业资本在印度的进一步剥削,英国逐步对前期的具体政策进行调整。一方面加强专制权力,实行高度集中的管理和控制,使殖民地的国家机器进一步集中、强化;另一方面,利用议会"民主"体制,使殖民地国家机器带有了资产阶级民主的某些特色,这在一定程度上缓和了英印间的民族矛盾。

After the Indian National Uprising in 1857,the rule of Britain in India became unstable.In order to assure the industrial capital of its further exploitation,Britain gradually adjusted it previous policies.On one hand,Britain strengthened its autocratic power,exercising its intense management and control,which further concentrated and intensified the colonial state machine,on the other hand,Britain made use of the parliament ＂democracy＂ system to enable the colonial sate machine with some bourgeois democratic features,which,to some certain extent,eased the national contradictions between Britain and India.