从语用综观论和语用效果看隐喻的可能性和必要性

The Possibility and Necessity of Metaphor in View of Inclusive Pragmatics and Its Effects

隐喻是多学科共同的研究对象。从语用综观论的适应性和经济性角度来看,隐喻的生成和理解都是在遵循言语行为的省力原则前提下,适应交际语境和交际意图而作出的选择。这种语用适应性使得隐喻的大量使用成为可能。同时,隐喻的重要地位不仅是因为它适应了说话人与释话人的语用需求,更在于它在修辞、委婉和劝诱方面所具有的独特的语用效果。

Metaphor has been a focus of multi-disciplinary studies,yet the established theories from the perspective of semantics and pragmatics are not consistent with each other in the ways they explain the mechanisms of metaphor.This paper probes into the production and understanding of metaphor from the perspective of the adaptability principle of the inclusive pragmatic view.According to inclusive pragmatics,the use of metaphor is adaptive to the communicative context,purpose,and the economy principle of linguistic behavior,making the popularity of metaphorical expression possible.Besides,metaphor performs the rhetorical,euphemistic and persuasive functions,making it a unique and important pragmatic strategy.