一种低品位镍矿石的浮选工艺

A flotation technique for low grade nickel ore

由原矿品位为Ｎｉ ０ ．６６ ％ ，Ｃｕ ０ ．３５ ％ ， ＭｇＯ２８ ．６０ ％ 的低品位镍矿石， 采用一种简单的浮选工艺流程以及有效的浮选剂， 包括乙黄药（ＥＸ） 与丁铵黑药（ＡＢＤ） 的组合捕收剂和脉石矿物抑制剂ＡＣＭＣ（ 一种改性的羧基甲基纤维素） ， 获得含Ｎｉ６ ．７０ ％ ，Ｃｕ ３ ．５９ ％ ， ＭｇＯ５ ．２４ ％ 的高品质精矿， 镍、铜回收率分别为７５ ．４ ％ ，７７ ．５ ％ 。浮选试验显示，ＥＸ 与ＡＢＤ 组合捕收剂优于丁黄药（ＢＸ） 与ＡＢＤ 的组合。其原因可能是ＥＸ 与ＡＢＤ 合理搭配使用能发生“共吸附”， 产生“协同效应”；ＢＸ 与ＡＢＤ 组合使用，发生了“竞争吸附”。ＡＣＭＣ 在蛇纹石表面的吸附， 大大增强了它的亲水性。在精选中添加ＡＣＭＣ４０ ｇ／ｔ， 能使精矿中ＭｇＯ 含量从８ ．７４ ％ 降到３ ．６９ ％ 。通过对ＡＣＭＣ 作用前后的蛇纹石和镍黄铁矿表面Ｚｅｔａ电位的测定， 得到一些关于ＡＣＭＣ

For low grade nickel ore composed of nickel sulphide and oxide minerals, the head grades are Ni 0.66%, Cu 0.35% and MgO 28.60% respectively, by using a simple flotation flowsheet including three cleaners and some effective reagents such as the collector coordinative reagents of ethyl xanthate(EX) with ammonium butyl dithiophosphate(ABD) and the depressant for serpentine gangue ACMC, a high quality concentrate with grade of 6.70% Ni, 3.59% Cu, 5.24% MgO and recoveries of 75.4% Ni, 77.5% Cu are obtained. The flotation tests show that the coordinative use of EX with ABD in proper ratio is better in raising recovery of nickel than coordinative use of butyl xanthate (BX) with ABD. The likely reason of the fact found out in the test is that when EX is combined with ABD, the adsorption on the pentlandite surface is co operative, thus producing the synergistic effect, whereas when BX is combined with ABD, their adsorption well be competitive. ACMC—a modified carloxy methy cellulose(CMC) is an effective serpentine gangue depressant. Adsorption of ACMC on serpentine surface enhance greatly its hydrophilicity, thus the content of MgO in concentrate can be depressed from 8.74% to 3.69% when 40 g/t of ACMC is added into third cleaner of flotation. Some findings have been made about the action mechanism of ACMC by measuring the Zeta potential of pentlandite and serpentine.