生态技术的社会适应性——生态农业技术推广的社会文化观

Social Adaptability of Ecological Technology:A Socio-Cultural Analysis of the Promotion of Eco-agricultural Technology

"水土不服"问题是中国农业技术推广中的一般困境。安徽省当涂县大公圩地区的生态技术推广案例说明,技术的社会适应性程度决定了技术社会化的成败。在自上而下的技术推广中,技术标准化发挥了关键功能;在民间社会的技术扩散中,技术本土化发挥了关键功能。根据农村社会老龄化、妇女化和低文化的社会文化特征,不断提高技术的社会适应性程度,是有效推广农业生态技术的根本措施。

＂Incompatibility＂ is the most common problem in the promotion of agricultural technology in China.The practices in Da-gong-xu area of Anhui Province are an example illustrating that social adaptability of technology is the key to the success of technological promotion.Standardization of technology plays a crucial role in top-down technological promotion while localization of technology is essential in popularizing technology among the local people.In view of the social and cultural characteristics of the rural areas where the majority of population are aged,female,and less educated,it can be concluded that to constantly improve the social adaptability of technology is a fundamental step to effectively promote agricultural and ecological technology.