中英文政治演说的情态对比研究

A Comparative Study of Modality Between English and Chinese Political Speeches

本文应用韩礼德的系统功能语法,从情态的角度对中美国家领导人在大学的政治演讲的人际意义进行比较研究,揭示中英文政治演说在运用情态方面的异同及高频情态词的人际功能,为人际交流提供情态运用方面的借鉴。本研究首先统计两个样本的T单元(本研究采用T单元而非单词或字为计量单位)、情态词及情态量值。然后,对两个研究样本中的情态词按量值大小进行归类统计。最后对两个样本中的高频情态词分别进行举例分析。研究发现:1)英语政治演讲运用的情态词是中文政治演说的1.5倍还多;2)在英语政治演说中,低量值的情态词数量居首,而中文政治演说多倾向于运用高量值的情态词;3)can,will,"能,能够"和"要"是高频词,它们都能实现多种人际功能。

This paper is a comparative study on the interpersonal meaning in English and Chinese political speeches given by American and Chinese politicians on college campus from the perspective of modality on the basis of Systemic-Functional Grammar（SFG） established by M.A.K.Halliday.In order to help utilize appropriate modality in realizing interpersonal communication,the research aims to reveal the similarities and differences of employing modality in two languages and to discover the functions of the highly used modal words.Firstly,calculation of T-units,modal words and value of modal operators is conducted.Then the modal words are sorted out according to their values.Finally,the functions of the highly used modal words are studied.The findings are： 1） English political addresses utilize far more modal operators than Chinese political speeches;2） in English political speeches,low value modal operators take the first place while in Chinese political speeches,high value modal operators rank the first;3） can,will,＂能,能够＂和＂要＂are highly utilized and they are all used to realize a lot of interpersonal functions.