《刑法修正案(八)》与刑法思维的转换

Amendment VIII to the Criminal Law and Shift of Thinking in the Criminal Law

回顾从1979年《刑法》到《刑法修正案(七)》的刑法改革之路,可以发现,在犯罪圈的划定与刑罚量的调整方面,我国的刑事立法一直在延续着传统的权力刑法思维,即着眼于权力统治与强化社会管理,以"秩序"为价值中心,试图将犯罪预防与治理的所有细节纳入权力的控制范围之内。与之前不同的是,《刑法修正案(八)》中的削减死刑罪名、强化对特殊群体的权利保护以及社区矫正立法化等内容,是权利刑法思维的体现。这一重大转变的背后,有着国际因素的影响,但更重要的是决策者权利意识的增强与普通民众维权活动的增加等国内因素的影响。

Reviewing the reform of criminal law from the Criminal Law promulgated in 1979 to Amendment VII to the Criminal Law,we can see that the criminal legislation in China has continued the traditional thinking of power in determining the crime circle and penalty quantity.Aiming at rule of power and strengthening social management,it regards the order as its value center and tries to take all the details of preventing and controlling crime into the control of power.Different from that,Amendment VIII to the Criminal Law embodies the thinking of rights as reflected in cutting the number of crimes for death penalty,reinforcing the protection of rights of special groups and the legislation of community correction.Behind the great shift,there is the influence of international factors but more importantly,domestic factors such as the increase of decision-makers＇ awareness of rights and safeguarding of rights of the general public.