大别山区1～7岁儿童计划免疫接种状况调查

Survey on expanded programme on immunization status of 1～7 years old children in Dabie Mountain Area' back-land

【目的】了解大别山区1-7岁儿童计划免疫工作的现状,为政府和卫生部门制定相关政策提供科学依据。【方法】整群抽取岳西县来榜镇11个乡村512名1-7岁儿童进行家庭基本情况、健康状况以及疫苗接种情况等调查。【结果】来榜镇1-7岁儿童基础免疫中卡介苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗、百白破疫苗和麻疹疫苗、乙肝疫苗的初次接种率分别为97.9%,87.7%,94.2%,95.5%,98.4%;扩大国家免疫规划疫苗中流脑、乙脑、甲肝的初次接种率分别为96.4%,96.3%,89.7%;但免疫规划工作的连续性差,各疫苗的基础免疫第2（和3）针次以及加强免疫接种率较低。【结论】应加强大别山区免疫规划相关知识的宣传教育工作,逐步提高疫苗的初次免疫以后各针次的接种率,特别是加强免疫接种率。

【Objective】 To understand the expanded programme on immunization（EPI） status of 1~7 years old children in in Dabie Mountain Area＇back-land so as to provide scientific basis for improving immunization program.【Methods】 A total of 512 1~7 years old children from LaiBang of YueXi County in Dabie Mountain Area＇back-land were chosen by cluster sampling.Then their family backgrounds,health status and immunization status were investigated with self-administrated questionnaire.【Results】 The initial coverage rate of BCG,OPV,DPT,MV and HepB were 97.9%,87.7%,94.2%,95.5%,98.4% respectively.And the initial coverage rate of JE,MenA and HepA were 96.4%,96.3%,89.7% respectively.The continuity of immunization program was poor and the multiple coverage rate of EPI was low.【Conclusions】 The initial coverage rates of EPI among 1~7 years old children are relatively high in Dabie Mountain Area＇back-land,but health education should be strengthen to improve the rate of multiple cropping.