微生物燃料电池中底物的研究进展

Research Advance on Substrates in Microbial Fuel Cells

微生物燃料电池是一种利用可溶性有机废物和可再生生物质等原料萃取电能的装置,而底物作为能量转化的能源物质,是影响微生物燃料电池产电能力的重要因素之一。能够充当底物的有机质种类十分丰富,如多种低浓度有机废水和纤维素等,底物的种类不同,电池的产电能力也会存在差异。因此,有必要对这一系统中底物对电池产电性能及其他方面的影响进行更加深入的了解。文章详细阐述了底物的化学能转化为电能的几种途径,重点介绍了不同种底物的生物化学特性、主要富集的微生物类别及产电性能,分析了底物的种类和浓度对电能转化的影响,提出了微生物燃料电池存在的问题和工作方向,为提高电池的电能产量提供了思路。

A microbial fuel cell is a device that extracts electric current from soluble organic waste and renewable biomass.Substrate is one of the important factors as energy source that determines power density in microbial fuel cells.A large number of substrates have been used including low strength wastewater and cellulosic biomass,and the kind of substrate affects the resulting performance.Thus a better understanding of substrate of the systems is necessary.Mechanism of bioelectrochemical energy conversion based on the electrons transfer during oxidative substrate degradation was discussed,with focus on the characteristics,major enriched electricigens and performance of electricity production of various substrates.Effect of substrate to bioelectrochemical energy conversion was analyzed.The existing problems as well as working direction in microbial fuel cell were also proposed,which would provide a reference for improvement of energy production of cells.