巴黎公社与共产主义观念——析巴迪欧的解放政治学逻辑

Paris Commune and Idea of Communism:On Emancipation Politics of Alain Badiou

在共产主义逐渐凋零的西方世界中,巴迪欧是为数不多的仍然高举共产主义大旗的知识分子。在马克思主义的宏大叙事被后现代主义解构之后,巴迪欧试图为今天的解放政治学找到新的理论根基,于是将目光投向了巴黎公社。重新认识巴黎公社对巴迪欧的哲学和政治学有着至关重要的意义:一方面,巴迪欧认为巴黎公社是一次真正意义上的无产阶级创造,它既没有堕落成为共和派资产阶级攫取政权的棋子,也没有走向列宁—斯大林的党—国模式,它是一次面对独特历史情形下的全新创造;另一方面,巴迪欧认为巴黎公社在哲学上具有本体论的意义,它是一个位点、一个事件,从本体论的视野来看待巴黎公社是巴迪欧对共产主义观念的最好说明。

When Communism is withering in the West,very few intellectuals are still holding high the banner of Communism.Among them is Alain Badiou,who has been seeking a new theoretical foundation for Communism after a post-modernist deconstruction of the grand narrative of Marxism,and Paris Commune provides a possibility.A reconsideration of Paris Commune is really significant to the understanding of Bodiou's philosophy and politics: first,as a genuine proletarian creation in a unique historical context,Paris Commune is not the instrument for the Republican bourgeois to snatch power,nor does it fall into the mode of the Party-State initiated by Lenin and Stalin;second,Paris Commune,for Badiou,is of ontological importance,since it is a locus of singularity,an event.Paris Commune is ontologically a best illustration of Badiou's idea of Communism.