抚顺市妊娠期妇女静脉血无机元素检测分析

Detection and analysis on inorganic elements in venous blood of pregnant women in Fushun city

目的:探讨抚顺地区妊娠妇女体内铜、锌、钙、镁、铁五种无机元素的含量、生理变化及相关因素,为孕期的营养保健提供依据。方法:选取512名妊娠中、晚期未额外增补营养剂的妇女静脉血标本,采用BH5100五通道原子吸收光谱仪及配套试剂测定五种元素含量并与非孕妇做对比分析。结果:妊娠期铁、镁元素平均含量明显低于非孕妇(P<0.01),钙、铜元素的平均含量明显高于非孕妇(P<0.05或P<0.01),锌元素平均含量稍低于非孕妇(P>0.05)。孕期的五种元素均值均在正常参考值范围内,至孕晚期铁、镁元素含量变化趋于稳定,铜、锌含量有明显升高,钙有继续下降趋势。孕期钙、铁、锌低标率分别为45.12%、8.79%、6.25%,与非孕妇比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:各种元素的含量在孕期会发生不同的变化,应积极监测并指导孕妇进行针对性的补充,避免盲目补充。如果孕前做好储备,孕期食物营养供给充足,可以保证孕期的多种元素的需要。非妊娠妇女普遍存在元素储备不足现象,孕期保健要从孕前抓起。

Objective：To explore the contents of five inorganic elements（copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium and iron）,physiological changes and related factors of pregnant women in Fushun,provide a basis for nutritional health care during pregnancy.Methods：The samples of venous blood were abstracted from 512 pregnant women during middle and late pregnancy and without additional supplement of nutrients,BH5100 Five-passage Atomic Absorption Spectrometer and matched agents were used to detect the contents of five inorganic elements,then the results were analyzed and compared with those of non-pregnant women.Results：The average contents of iron and magnesium of pregnant women were significantly lower than those of non-pregnant women（P0.01）,the average contents of calcium and copper of pregnant women were significantly higher than those of non-pregnant women（P0.05 or P0.01）,the average content of zinc of pregnant women was slightly lower than that of non-pregnant women,but there was no significant difference（P0.05）.The average contents of five inorganic elements were all within normal reference ranges,the contents of iron and magnesium maintained stable till late pregnancy,the contents of copper and zinc increased significantly,and the content of calcium showed a decreasing tendency constantly.The low standard rates of calcium,iron and zinc during pregnancy were 45.12%,8.79% and 6.25%,respectively,there was no significant difference compared with non-pregnant women（P0.05）.Conclusion：The contents of various elements will change during pregnancy.The pregnant women should be monitored actively and directed for targeting supplement,and blind supplement should be avoided.Good reserve before pregnancy and sufficient nutrients supplied during pregnancy may meet the demands for various elements during pregnancy.The phenomenon of insufficient elements reserve is widespread among non-pregnant women,so health care during pregnancy should begin from progestational period.