辞赋遗传与宫体诗新变

Heredity of the Style of Fu and Transformation of Palace Poems

在中国文学形式中,赋是诗的一个旁支,在历史的演变中此消彼长,互相依存、互为补充。辞赋在两汉四百年的流行过程中一度打压了诗,成了一个时代文学的主体样式,对后世的诗歌产生了或多或少的影响。作者通过对战国以来辞赋和宫体诗的文本解读,探索宫体诗在新变的过程中,如何汲取赋的因素和资源。用写赋的方法写诗,重视"铺排",力求"形似",忽略比兴。在内容、结构、语汇、风格上,使宫体诗成为最具辞赋意味和写作方法的诗歌,而新变后的字法、句法、对偶等形式美学,便成了唐人五言绝句和五言律诗的先驱。

Fu and poetry,the former as a side branch of the latter in Chinese literary genres,have had a seesaw-like complementary relationship.During its popularity of over four hundred years that spanned Western and Eastern Han Dynasties,Fu,which had overshadowed poetry,had become the dominating style of the literature of that period,thus exerting more or less influence upon the poems of later ages.This paper,through a close reading of Fu and palace poems since the Warring States Period,explores how palace poetry drew upon Fu＇s elements and resources,how it valued ＂ornateness＂ and ＂spiritual resemblance＂,and how it finally gained most of Fu＇s features in content,structure,lexicon and style.And its own diction,syntax,and aesthetic style like antithesis became the prologue of five-character-quatrain and five-character-regular-verse in the Tang Dynasty in China.